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The Nutritional Benefits of Phosphate Food Ingredients by Dr. Andy G. Ebert, published in Prepared Foods, 2005.

Phosphate Presentations from the Prepared Foods’ 2006 R&D Applications Seminar:

Where Might You Encounter Phosphates Today?

Food and Beverages

Finished Product
Ingredient
Phosphate Function
Baked Goods
Baking Powder                         Self-rising Flour Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Monocalcium Phosphate Acid-Base reaction with sodium bicarbonate to produce carbon dioxide (CO2)
Cakes                                      Baking Mixes (Waffles, Pancake, Muffin) Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Monocalcium Phosphate, Sodium Aluminum Phosphate (Acidic) Moderate action leavening; double action leavening
Cake Donuts                           Batter And Breading  Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate  Fast action Leavening
Refrigerated Dough       Frozen dough/batters Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate , Sodium Aluminum Phosphate (Acidic) Heat activated leavening
Reduced Sodium Baking  Monocalcium Phosphate, Dicalcium Phosphate, Calcium Acid Pyrophosphate  Acid-Base reaction with bicarbonate to produce CO2, Calcium enrichment. 
Beverages
Colas Phosphoric Acid Acidulant
Chocolate Milk Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Suspend cocoa
Dry Mixes Tricalcium Phosphate Prevent caking; clouding agent
Buttermilk Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Disodium Phosphate Maintain protein dispersion
Fruit Juices  Tricalcium Phosphate Calcium and Phosphorus fortification
Sports Drinks  Monopotassium Phosphate,  Monosodium Phosphate Provide electrolytes (Na, K); pH buffering
Canned Milk, UHT Milk  Disodium Phosphate. Dipotassium Phosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Protein Stabilization
Soy Beverages Tricalcium Phosphate Calcium and Phosphorus fortification
Strawberry Flavor Milk Tetrasodium Pyrohosphate       Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Bind iron to maintain pink color
Cereals
Cooked Cereals Disodium Phosphate,   Tricalcium Phosphate Decrease cooking time; Calcium and Phosphorus fortification
Extruded, Dry Cereals Disodium Phosphate, Trisodium Phosphate, Tricalcium Phosphate Aid in the flow through extruder; Cereal color modification; calcium and phosphorus fortification
Dairy Products
Cottage Cheese Phosphoric Acid Direct set by acidification
Cheese Dips and Sauces Disodium Phosphate, Trisodium Phosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Emulsifying Action
Cheese Slices Disodium Phosphate, Trisodium Phosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Emulsifying Action
Cheese Powders  Dipotassium Phosphate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Protein Stabilization
Grated Cheese  Tricalcium Phosphate Flow Aid
Cheese Starter Cultures Disodium Phosphate, Dipotassium Phosphate Inhibit Bacteriophage
Whey Processing Sodium Hexametaphosphate  Calcium complexation
Imitation Cheese Disodium Phosphate, Trisodium Phosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Emulsifying Action
Non-dairy creamer Dipotassium Phosphate Buffer for smooth mixing into coffee
Whipped topping Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Improve dairy protein foaming property
Instant Puddings, No-bake cheesecakes Monocalcium Phosphate, Disodium Phosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Protein coagulant 
Ice Cream (Hard, soft, imitation), Frozen dessert  Disodium Phosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Protein stabilization, prevent churning
Reduced Sodium Dairy  Dipotassium Phosphate, Tripotassium Phosphate, Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate, Potassium Tripolyphosphate Same function as Sodium salts, Potassium enrichment 
Egg Products
Whole Egg  Monosodium Phosphate, Monopotassium Phosphate Color stability
Egg Yolk  Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate  Inhibit rancidity 
Egg whites Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Improve whipping, foam stability
Fruit and Vegetables 
Canned Fruits  Monocalcium Phosphate Maintain firmness
Vegetables (frozen or canned)  Monocalcium Phosphate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate  Texture modification (increase firmness or tenderness)
Peanuts  Sodium Hexametaphoshate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate  Soften shell 
Meat Products
Ham, corned beef Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate/Sodium Hexametaphosphate Blends Maintain meat juiciness and shelf life
Sausage, franks, bologna Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate,  Emulsion Stabilization
Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Cure color development
Roast beef Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Maintain meat juiciness and shelf life
Reduced Sodium Meat  Potassium Tripolyphosphate , Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate Maintain meat juiciness and shelf life
Pasta and Noodles 
Pasta products Disodium Phosphate Decrease cook time
Instant fried Noodles Sodium Tripolyphosphate Improve noodle mouth feel 
Pet Food 
Cat Food Phosphoric Acid pH adjustment 
Canned Food (for both canines and felines)  Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Solubilize protein to enhance flavor
Pet Treats Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Tartar control 
Potatoes
French Fries, Mashed Potatoes, Hash browns, Potato flakes Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Bind iron to inhibit iron induced blackening
Baked Potato Chips  Monocalcium Phosphate Create surface bubbles
Poultry Products
Poultry products Sodium Tripolyphosphate; Sodium Tripolyphosphate/Sodium Hexametaphosphate Blends Moisture binding
Restructured poultry Products, Poultry Sausage Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Emulsion Stabilization
Reduced Sodium Poultry products Potassium Tripolyphosphate , Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate Same function as Sodium salts, Potassium enrichment 
Carcass wash Trisodium Phosphate Antibacterial 
Sea foods
Shrimp (Frozen or Cooked)  Sodium Tripolyphosphate Moisture retention, Deshelling aid 
Scallop, Fish Fillets  Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Moisture retention and flavor 
Canned Crab Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Bind copper from blood to prevent discoloration
Canned Tuna Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate Adjust pH to prevent struvite formation (crystals that look like glass)
Surimi Sodium Tripolyphosphate/Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate Blends Cryoprotectant for protein
Reduced Sodium Sea foods Potassium Tripolyphosphate , Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate Same function as Sodium salts

 

Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products

Finished Product
Ingredient
Phosphate Function
 
Vitamins and Mineral supplements  Tricalcium Phosphate, Dimagnesium Phosphate Provide Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphorus
Prescription and Over the Counter (OTC) Tablets Dicalcium Phosphate, Tricalcium phosphate Inert ingredient to fill and bind tablets
Toothpaste Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate, Dicalcium Phosphate Anhydrous Polishing agent 
Tartar Control Gels and Pastes Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Tartar control
Ophthalmic Mono- and Di- sodium phosphates, Mono and Di-potassium phosphates Buffers to maintain a given pH
Tube Feedings Monopotassium Phosphate, Mono- and Di- sodium phosphates Potassium and/or Sodium replacing ingredient
Intravenous Fluids Monopotassium Phosphate Potassium replacing electrolyte
Mouthwash Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Tartar control ingredients
Skin Care Cosmetics  Mono- and Di- sodium phosphates, Mono and Di-potassium phosphates Buffers to maintain a given pH
Effervescent Tablets Monocalcium Phosphate Production of carbon dioxide (CO2) via acid-base reaction with sodium bicarbonate
Bath Crystals Sodium Tripolyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate Water softening agent
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